AIM is set to outperform the All Share for remainder of CY2025

• The perfect storm that hit London’s AIM following peak-Pandemic in Q2 2021, has seen the index tumble by an extraordinary 60% relative to the FTSE All Share leaving it trading almost 40% below its 10-year average. 

• Total listings have thinned down to just over one-third of the number that was achieved back in 2007, due primarily to the index’s highly innovative, but cash-hungry constituents routinely finding themselves unable to secure the funding necessary to create value through fulfilment of their business plans. 

• The recent dearth of IPOs now leaves a surviving rump of much better positioned, higher quality businesses led by experienced management that have continued to progress their unique opportunities which are often supported by key assets and/or global IP. 

• The extent of the market’s perceived undervaluation has been highlighted by one key market player suggesting that as many as one-third of <£250m value AIM companies are now vulnerable to hostile bids. 

• The 41 consecutive months of UK-focused equity fund outflows that followed Brexit have been one of the principal drivers of AIM delistings. This now appears to be slowing sharply and, with the recent halving of the inheritance tax exemption also having been priced in, focus is likely to return to the index’s cost of capital, which is widely expected to track a series of UK base rate cuts downward between now and the year end. 

• As part of its ‘Plan for Growth’, the Labour party is also said to be considering UK pension and ISA reform as a route to unlocking significant new investment in domestic growth businesses. The suggestion a set proportion of this will be directed specifically to unlisted securities offers scope to significantly reinvigorate the AIM index. 

• Contrasting with the FTSE100, AIM has almost negligible direct exposure to Trump Tariffs. Yet it and the wider UK market will clearly benefit from more competitive pricing from China as production originally destined for the US gets redirected, along with potential to exploit trans-shipment trade opportunities resulting from the country’s relatively low 10% imposition and its position amongst the most advanced nations in terms negotiating a US free trade deal. 

• Chartists will also be interested in the fact that the AIM All-Share has rebounded decisively no less than nine times from its current level (±3.0%) over the past 15 years, as can be seen in the long-term chart below: 

FTSE AIM All-Share Data
Index Level: 709.22
Net Market Cap: £41,301m
No of Constituents: 586
52 week high/low: 810.02/624.42
1-year Return: -7.13%

Constituent Sizes and Yield
Ave. Market Cap: £70.48m
Largest Mk Cap: £3,587.50m
Smallest Mk Cap: <£1m
Index Yield: 1.21%

Trump’s perspective for his second 100 days – Respite for global equity and bond markets

• The current 90-day tariff pause may well be extended beyond 8 July as intense negotiations continue 

• Adoption of a flexible, country-by-county approach offers possible route to limit net economic damage 

• US’s softening stance on China is key and could result in major concessions/agreements from both sides 

• Trump’s team looks to strike as many as 90 trade deals during the present 90-day pause with more to follow 

• Notwithstanding the above, anyone brave enough to tackle their country’s economic woes head-on in such an unorthodox manner will of course face significant risk from their political rivals – just ask Liz Truss! 

The jury is still out in terms of what exactly President Trump truly expected his ‘Liberation Day’ to ultimately deliver. Face on he was blatantly forcing the US’s trading partners to his door as part of a ‘shock horror’ tactic to put himself firmly in the driving seat, kick off a reset in the way the global economy is run and provide a credible route to regain control of his nation’s spiralling deficit. The reasoning is simple enough. Decades of ineffectual tinkering by past presidents have seen the US’s national debt rise unsustainably (now >US$36 trillion) and the call was clearly out there for someone with ‘big enough shoulders’ to take the situation in hand. 

But having promised Americans a “boom like no other” if he was elected president for a second time, Trump was certainly not handed a mandate to upend the US economy, become a world pariah and threaten domestic standards of living. On one hand, it might be possible to believe Trump was simply bamboozled by the White House’s sums pointedly failing to recognise the true price (in terms of faltering domestic growth, spiralling inflation, an exodus of international investment, reduced consumer choice etc.) that would need to be paid by the US electorate. On the other, numerous retreats/concessions/olive branches effected or offered rapidly after declaring his hand (incl. the 90-day tariff pause, numerous exemptions such as smartphones, pharma etc. and a 2-year tariff offset on auto parts, while reaching out for discussions with China etc.) along with a declared ambition to strike as many as 90 trade deals (with India, Japan and South Korea looking likely to be the first) during the current 90-day tariff pause, suggests the true gameplan may always have been to adopt widespread negotiated policy flexibility. Trump possibly never expected to actually receive what his team’s apparent tariff algorithm originally set out, but at the very least believe it will enable him to eventually conclude a long list of country-by-country agreements predicated on formal, longer-term understandings regarding their future investment in and prospective trade balances with the US. 

While Liberation Day will undoubtedly leave the global economy with some residual damage, the successful conclusion of such negotiations could potentially limit the net domestic/international impact, while placing the US on a more sustainable long-term footing and endorsing its role as the world’s sole superpower. His stance is most definitely courageous and will take some years to play out. So, the question could instead be, does he really have that long? There are very few brave enough to challenge him head-on over his running of his economy, but his team are already said to be preparing for an impeachment fight in case the Democrats take control of the House in 2026. Liz Truss, who very briefly assumed the UK’s premiership in 2022, would of course be the first to testify that those taking such giant economic steps (or gambles?) on anything but a highly measured and carefully negotiated basis involving all stakeholders along the way, can find themselves on a very short fuse. 

Marking his 100th day in office at a rally in Michigan on 29th April, Trump declared he had “… delivered the most profound change in Washington in 100 years” and that he had “just gotten started.” But having promised Americans a “boom like no other” if they elected him president, the 78-year-old Republican’s performance for consumers, companies, the economy and workers, is now clearly much less celebratory. For someone who feeds foremost on public adoration, the flipping of his approval rating from positive to negative since his inauguration must be leaving its mark. The majority of Americans are voicing concern about a recession and how a trade war will affect the economy/employment, the value of their savings after the S&P500 briefly entered ‘bear market’ territory earlier last month and the rising price of goods amid a tumbling US$. Driving this home the same day, Conference Board data confirmed that April’s consumer confidence had fallen to an almost five-year low, followed one day later by the Commerce Department estimating US economy (GDP) had suffered its worst quarter since Covid, contracting 0.3%in the first three months of 2025 (Q4 2024: +2.4%). While this may reflect a surge of imports from US firms seeking to front-run the tariff impositions, the fact that initially defiant trade responses were registered all around the world (particularly from the main battleground, China) and the fact that trade resolutions are likely to take much longer to negotiate than Trump wishes, means that the situation should be expected to get quite a lot worse (including an inflationary spike) before things start to stabilise. 

The relative resilience of global market indices following an initial shock reaction, however, reflects foremost a growing belief among traders that the worst may be over following the chaotic rollout on 2 April. Recognising that he is standing on a cliff-edge, Trump’s second hundred days will almost certainly see him move from the offensive to the accommodative when dealing with international trading partners. For the most part they are already forming a long orderly queue outside his door, ready to show willing with packages of carefully crafted proposals. The wild card of course is China and many, particularly amongst other Asian economies, will choose to follow its lead in any discussions. The fact that China has signalled willingness to talk so soon after the US’s outreach through multiple channels, suggests comprehensive exchanges will get underway shortly. International markets will heave a huge sigh of relief once this becomes apparent. The risk for anything else is simply too big; both are aware of the prospective damage a long-term standoff between the world’s two largest economies would have to their future prosperity and that the wounds would be largely self-inflicted. 

So, the second 100 days is look set to be the President’s most dangerous period. Warning signals are coming from all corners. The near-term economic impact his policies on the US’s domestic economy and national well-being is likely to painted large for all to see. Trump’s ongoing feud with Jerome Powell suggests the Fed is unlikely to run to his rescue, first seeking to gauge the effects the existing base and proposed tariffs will have on consumer prices and the US$ before responding to the slowing economy. Tumbling popularity in the opinion polls will compound issues still further, with potential to culminate in a second major sell-off of equity and bond markets. This leaves the President pedalling furiously uphill as he looks for agreement across multiple counties/territories, that reduce or eliminate the tariffs altogether (his team have already indicated their aim to strike 90 trade deals during the present 90-day pause), in exchange for negotiated future direct US investment, job creation and prospective trade balance reductions on a sliding scale. There appears to be a few already willing to comply with such demands and their early delivery will likely be highly trumpeted as a successful new framework for dealing with the US. The problem of course is that the list is very long and individual negotiations are likely to become extended, particularly with China. 8 July is the date on which the 90-day tariff pause is due to end. It seems a reasonable guess that it will need to be extended several times in order to get a reasonable quorum onboard. In the meantime of course, the baseline 10% tariff remains in place. 

AIM – Now quite dramatically oversold with liquidity gradually improving 

In terms of relative valuations, a chart highlighting AIM’s 15-year performance against the FTSE All-Share paints a stark recent picture: 

The perfect storm that hit the index after the Pandemic peaked in Q2 2021 has seen it tumble by an extraordinary 60% relative to the FTSE All Share, leaving it trading almost 40% below its 10-year average. Significantly, however, liquidity has gradually started to improve as weaker participants have been forced out and the average market cap/free float rises. 

Since 2010, the index has passed through five phases of quite dramatic relative outperformance as value in its constituent’s ability to create significant value through innovation has been recognised. The Pandemic is one such example. AIM is home to a number of highly specialised life science companies that are developing unique solutions for global problems; they demonstrated capability to rapidly refocus their expertise in the search for therapeutics and related products (including vaccines, anti-virals, diagnostics etc.) as part of the international fight against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). From the global condition first being formally recognised in March 2020, to UK peak mortality (Delta variant) in April 2021, the sector was one of the principal drivers behind the index’s c.90% rerating. 

Subsequently, however, the index has been hit with a perfect storm. As the public health emergency began to pass in Q3 2021, AIM experienced a generalised sell-off of companies that had been significantly chased up during the crisis. Almost coincident with this Brexit spurred a medium-term sell-off of UK-focussed equity funds, resulting in 42 consecutive months of outflows which were, of course, often focussed on the markets’ less liquid participants. This particularly drained AIM investment, resulting in an extended run of delistings amongst its weaker, cash-starved constituents which continues today. 

As the charts below demonstrate, the cost of capital required to fund growth amongst these young, often pre-revenue, cash-consuming enterprises is also key to their continuing prosperity. Having enjoyed more than five years of exceptionally low base rates (range 0.1% to 0.75%), the post-COVID inflationary spiral that saw UK annualised CPI spike from just 0.7% in March 2021 to a 41-year high of 11.1% by October 2022, resulted in no less than 14 base rate hikes between December 2021 and August 2023. To make things worse, the index’s dilemma was then capped in the Chancellor’s Autumn Budget 2024, with a halving of the effective inheritance tax relief on AIM shares (effective from April 2026) despite the longer-term investment support that it was known to provided. This in turn contributed to a number of its traditional investors and dedicated small/microcap funds being forced to exit, with their sell-down helping to produce a quite extraordinary valuation gap in the process. 

The situation, however, appears to have passed its worst and AIM now offers potential for a sharp rebound relative to the UK’s principal indices over the remainder of 2025. 

Firstly, it’s important to note that the pace of UK fund redemptions slowed towards the end of 2024, with December recording the lowest level of outflows in several years. UK equity funds specifically experienced just a £1.4 billion outflow in February 2025, easing from £1.7 billion in January, according to The Investment Association. This change appears to be partly due to the FTSE 100’s obvious valuation discount relative to Europe and the US (price-to-earnings ratios of 11x vs. 13x and 21x resp.) and partly due to the Brexit-inspired sell-off finally starting to tail off. Indeed, the recent fund outflow from the US that immediately following last month’s Liberation Day announcement is seen generating net UK inflows in the coming months, as international investors look to park their cash in relatively safer, undervalued, more traditional income generating investments and away from premium-priced growth/tech stocks that will remain vulnerable until the global situation can be clarified. 

UK Base rates are also headed downward. Back in January Morgan Stanley, for example, forecasts no fewer than five cuts (of 25bp each and one of which has already been delivered) in 2025. Clearly this could accelerate faster still if Trump tariff’s result in the sharp near-term contraction across the major western economies that is now widely projected. 

Having already seen the index price in next year’s reduction in inheritance tax relief, there now appears to be 

more positive signals coming from HM Government. It appears to recognise that further weakening or sidelining of AIM would be an effective admission that Britain is not interested in supporting entrepreneurs, start-ups and growth businesses. While vague threats to Enterprise Investment Scheme (‘EIS’), Venture Capital Trusts (‘VCTs’), Entrepreneurs’ Relief etc., appear to have dissipated, different means for more direct for incentivisation are being sought. Various routes to drive willingness to take risk are being considered, including UK pension and ISA reforms that could potentially unlock billions of liquidity for such assets. Talks of replicating the so-called ‘Canadian’ model of pension ‘mega-funds’, which would merge the UK’s 86 local authority pension schemes, is one idea. The so-called Mansion House Compact, which was signed by 11 of the country’s large pension providers in 2023, also commits them to a target of investing 5% of their pension fund assets into unlisted equities by 2030. The eventual timing of such any such moves of course remains uncertain and care has to be taken not to overwhelm a junior market that has shrunk quite dramatically in recent years. Nevertheless, early indication of moves in this direction could significantly reinvigorate AIM, creating a rush of new IPOs in the process. 

With the total count of AIM All-Share constituents now down to just 586, a little over one-third of the 1694 achieved at the index’s peak, the recent dearth of IPOs leaves the ‘surviving’ constituents with far more experienced management who continue to progress opportunities that are often backed by key assets and unique, global IP. The value this has to potentially introduce for larger, cash-rich acquisitive enterprises was highlighted by UK investment bank, Peel Hunt, at the end of last year when its head of M&A anticipated a ‘wave of demand’ from private equity and foreign buyers looking to take-out small and mid-cap UK stocks. It considered up to one-third of sub-£250m market cap firms quoted on of London’s junior stock market to be vulnerable to a takeover in 2025 in a “major and sustained” deluge. Of the 28 takeovers concluded in 2024 (vs. 22 in 2023), the average bid premium when compared to the prior day’s close was +66% (median +50%) with a range of -63% to +252%. 

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The FTSE 100 slipped ok Wednesday as investors erred on the side of caution as trade concerns crept back in ahead of interest rate decisions from the Fed and Bank of England.

After closing higher for 16 consecutive sessions, London’s leading index fell 0.15% in early trade on Wednesday.

“Concerns about how Trump’s tariff wars will play out are still causing jitters, even though the door is open to a deal with China, with talks scheduled for this weekend,” said Susannah Streeter, head of money and markets, Hargreaves Lansdown.

“The FTSE 100 is lower in early trade, after its record run of success, having netted higher closes for 16 sessions in a row. There’s a pause for breath for the Footsie ahead of key interest rate decisions from the Fed and the Bank of England, as investors await the take from central bankers about the current risks to the global economy.”

Despite the clear risks to the global economy, the Federal Reserve isn’t expected to cut interest rates this evening amid frosty relations between Donald Trump and Jerome Powell, the head of the Federal Reserve. Trump is pressuring Powell to cut interest rates while Powell is doing his best to remain politically independent and pointing to the risk of inflation if rates are cut too quickly.

Meanwhile, the Bank of England looks set to cut interest rates to 4.25% tomorrow.

China helped provide some support for the FTSE 100 through fresh stimulus measures that sent Glencore, Prudential and Rio Tinto higher.

However, it was the pharma giants AstraZeneca and GSK that dictated trade on an index level on Wednesday as the pair suffered from the latest comments from the US suggestion the introduction of tariffs on pharmaceuticals in the near future.

GSK was the FTSE 100’s top faller, losing 3%, while AstraZeneca gave up 1%.

BAE Systems was flat after saying it had a ‘strong start’ to the year and was sticking with previously issued guidance.

“BAE Systems is a rare beast on the UK stock market in that it is one of the few companies not to be derailed by tariff and economic turmoil,” said AJ Bell investment director Russ Mould.

“Governments in many parts of the world have pledged to increase defence spending, thereby creating a richer backdrop for BAE to bid for contracts. Most of the equipment delivered to US customers is made domestically with parts mostly sourced from American suppliers, so tariffs aren’t applicable in these cases.

“Trading is ticking along as expected and there is no change to earnings guidance. It intends to hire more people, including the training of many individuals to create tomorrow’s skilled workforce.”

BAE Systems is up 53% so far this year and is one of the best-performing FTSE 100 companies in 2025. Today’s update gave no reason for investors to book these gains as reduce exposure to the stock.

JD Wetherspoon has announced a 5.6% increase in like-for-like sales for the 13-week period ending 27th April 2025, compared to the same period last year.

The pub chain also reported year-to-date like-for-like sales growth of 5.1%.

Total sales for the quarter rose by 5.0%, with year-to-date figures showing a 4.2% increase. The slight difference between total and like-for-like sales reflects the company’s disposal of seven pubs during this financial year.

Despite these closures, Wetherspoon continues its expansion plans with two new pubs that have already opened this year. The company intends to launch an additional four or five establishments before the financial year ends, with approximately ten more planned for the following year.

In a significant development, Wetherspoon has expanded its franchise operations, with four new franchise locations opening during the last quarter. All new franchise pubs are operated by Haven Holiday Parks, bringing the total number of franchise establishments to seven.

The company currently operates 795 pubs across the UK and has acquired seven freehold reversions at a total cost of £17 million in locations where it was previously a tenant.

While the headline sales number will be welcomed by investors, it’s Wetherspoon’s costs that are likely to have the biggest impact of the bottom line this year. The market will have to wait until the group’s next set of results for insight into how rising taxes and staffing costs are hitting profits.

“The company’s main ambition, as always, is to improve its appeal to staff and customers,” said the chairman of JD Wetherspoon, Tim Martin.

“In this connection, for example, the company has invested in new staff facilities in 520 pubs (49 in the current year), including staff rooms and changing rooms, with approximately 270 planned for the future. The investment per pub is approximately £100,000.

“The product range for customers continues to evolve. For example, the company has recently introduced, nationwide, the highly regarded Jaipur traditional ale from the Thornbridge Brewery, as well as renowned international beer brands, Kronenbourg 1664 Biere and Poretti.

“As regards the menu, new initiatives include a gourmet burger offer, which has proved extremely popular in the pubs in which it has been trialled.

“Bearing in mind that recent trading has been helped by favourable weather, the company anticipates a reasonable outcome for the financial year, notwithstanding previously reported wage and tax increases of approximately £1.2 million per week.”

The Bank of England looks set to embark on a series of interest rate cuts this year as Donald Trump’s trade policies rock the global economy and hit the UK’s growth rate.

After remaining steadfast in their cautious approach to interest rate cuts in the face of stubbornly higher inflation, the Bank of England is now being forced to act as tariffs threaten the UK economy.

“Donald Trump’s tariffs have caused a massive reappraisal of the future path of UK interest rates,” said Laith Khalaf, head of investment analysis at AJ Bell.

“As things stand markets are focusing on the collateral damage to the UK economy rather than the potential for a trade war to ignite inflation once again. As a result, the market is now assigning a 50% chance to the base rate being 3.5% or lower by the end of this year.”

Interest rates falling below 3.5% will likely be the result of some economic pain, but lower interest rates could provide a base for future growth. Here are the FTSE 350 sectors set to take advantage of any rate cuts this year.

FTSE 350 Housebuilders

Probably the most interest-sensitive FTSE 350 sector, the housebuilders will lap up any reduction in interest rates. 

The sector has been ravaged by the higher interest environment in response to rising inflation, which has increased mortgage rates and eroded consumers’ spending power. 

Lower interest rates, and most importantly, the perception of lower interest rates in the future, will help lift activity in the property market.

It will also encourage more first-time buyers to purchase their first home – the lifeblood of the UK housing market.

“Donald Trump may not have intended to liberate UK mortgage holders from high rates, but his tariff announcements have done just that,” explained Khalaf.

“Since Liberation Day, the swap rates which stand behind mortgage pricing have fallen decidedly below 4%, and we have seen a wave of lenders offering more competitive mortgages.”

Names such as Persimmon, Taylor Wimpey and Vistry are all set to benefit from the Bank of England rate cuts. 

FTSE 350 Supermarkets 

Another heavily UK-centric sector, supermarkets are well placed to capture any improvement in consumer confidence created by lower interest rates.

Companies such as Sainsbury’s and Marks and Spencer should enjoy shoppers allocating savings on interest payments to more premium lines. 

The feel-good factor of falling mortgage rates will likely see a tick up in retail sales, which the supermarket sector and retailers generally will see the impact of in upcoming trading statements. 

Higher spending on premium lines will translate into improved margins and provide some reprieve in the bitter battle with the discounters. 

FTSE 350 Utilities

Utility companies such as National Grid and Severn Trent will enjoy a two fold benefit from lower interest rates. 

First, lower interest rates will help reduce their interest payments and help boost earnings. Utility companies take full advantage of their ability to issue debt to an army of ready, willing and able fixed-income investors, and as a result, incur substantial costs in the form of payments to bondholders. Lower interest rates mean they’ll be able to lower their coupons and reduce these costs. 

The second advantage of falling interest rates for utility stocks is the potential wave of cash coming out of bonds into equities. As interest rates fall, income-seeking investors will seek ‘bond proxy’ stocks such as utility companies that can provide reliable cash flows at a higher dividend yield than can achieve in government bonds.